Neurologický Vírus U Koní

2024 Autor: Daisy Haig | [email protected]. Naposledy zmenené: 2023-12-17 03:13

Borna choroba u koní

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Borna je vírusové ochorenie, ktoré sa vyskytuje u koní (a iných teplokrvných zvierat). Prvýkrát objavený u koní v Nemecku, je to prevažne choroba, ktorá sa dnes vyskytuje v európskych a stredovýchodných krajinách. Nie je známe, že by sa v súčasnosti nachádzali v Spojených štátoch.

Vírus bornej choroby (BDV) spôsobuje neurologické problémy a je smrteľný u mnohých koní. Kone, ako aj ovce a iné hospodárske zvieratá sú prirodzenými hostiteľmi tohto vírusu, môžu však byť ovplyvnené aj iné zvieratá, napríklad hlodavce.

Príznaky a typy

Klinické príznaky vírusu Borna sú podobné ako u iných konských encefalitických chorôb. Inkubačná doba je pomerne dlhá a môže trvať až šesť mesiacov od okamihu infekcie, kým sa neobjavia klinické príznaky. Je to spôsobené pomalým pohybom vírusu pozdĺž neurónov.

• Letargia
• Zlá koordinácia
• Slepota
• Slabosť
• Ochrnutie
• Kolaps
• Zvláštne správanie (napr. Stlačenie hlavy alebo zistenie v tmavých rohoch)

Príčiny

Spôsob prenosu vírusu stále nie je známy, predpokladá sa však, že ide o vdýchnutie alebo požitie. Tiež je podozrenie na prenos kliešťa, rovnako ako šírenie vírusu prostredníctvom sťahovavých vtákov.

Diagnóza

Definitívna diagnóza infekcie vírusom Borna na živom koni je zložitá. Vzorky mozgovej miechy (CSF) ukazujú iba výsledky typické pre mnoho rôznych infekčných neurologických stavov a nedokážu špecificky rozlíšiť vírus Borna. Po smrti môžu byť vzorky centrálneho nervového systému odoslané do laboratórií na ďalšie vyšetrenie a identifikáciu vírusu Borna, ktoré vyrobil výrobca v tomto bode.

Liečba

Pre BDV v súčasnosti neexistuje žiadna špecifická liečba. Uskutočnili sa však štúdie na izoláciu vírusu a pokrok sa dosiahol v zlepšovaní možností liečby. Ak sa má u koňa v USA diagnostikovať toto ochorenie, mali by sa o tom upovedomiť regulačné úrady.

Život a správa

Vo väčšine prípadov je BDV smrteľný u koní, ale tí, ktorí prežijú, majú trvalé vedľajšie účinky tohto oslabujúceho stavu, ako je znížená funkcia mozgu alebo iné neurologické poruchy, ktoré môžu sťažiť pohyb. Často sa volí eutanázia.